Muna 1958, Goodrich Chemical Company (yava kunzi Lubrizol) yakanyoresa TPU brand Estane kekutanga. Mumakore makumi mana apfuura, kwave nemazita emhando anopfuura makumi maviri pasi rose, uye mhando yega yega ine mhando dzakasiyana dzezvigadzirwa. Parizvino, vagadziri veTPU mbishi vanosanganisira BASF, Covestro, Lubrizol, Huntsman Corporation, Wanhua Chemical Group, Shanghai Heng'an, Ruihua, Xuchuan Chemical, nezvimwewo.
1, Rudzi rweTPU
Zvichienderana nechimiro chechikamu chakapfava, chinogona kukamurwa kuva mhando yepolyester, mhando yepolyether, uye mhando yebutadiene, izvo zvine boka reester, boka reether, kana boka rebutene zvichiteerana.
Zvichienderana nechimiro chechikamu chakaoma, chinogona kukamurwa kuita mhando yeurethane nerudzi rweurethane urea, izvo zvinowanikwa kubva kune ethylene glycol chain extenders kana diamine chain extenders. Kupatsanurwa kwakajairika kwakakamurwa kuita mhando yepolyester nerudzi rwepolyether.
Zvichienderana nekuvapo kana kusavapo kwekubatanidza, inogona kukamurwa kuita thermoplastic yakachena uye semithermoplastic.
Yekutanga ine chimiro chakachena chemutsetse uye haina ma bond anobatanidza; Yekupedzisira ine huwandu hushoma hwema bond akabatana akadai seAllophanic acid ester.
Zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa zvakapedzwa, zvinogona kukamurwa kuita zvikamu zvakaiswa profiled (zvakasiyana-siyana Machine element), mapaipi (sheaths, bar profiles), mafirimu (mapepa, matete plates), manamati, macoatings, fibers, nezvimwewo.
2, Kugadzirwa kweTPU
TPU ndeye polyurethane kana tichitarisa chimiro chemamorekuru. Saka, yakabatana sei?
Zvichienderana nemaitiro akasiyana ekugadzira, inonyanya kupatsanurwa muzvikamu zvakaita se bulk polymerization uye solution polymerization.
Mukugadzirwa kwepolymerization yakawanda, inogonawo kukamurwa kuva nzira ye pre polymerization uye nzira ye one-step zvichibva pakuvapo kana kusavapo kwe pre reaction:
Nzira ye prepolymerization inosanganisira kugadzirisa diisocyanate ne macromolecular diols kwenguva yakati usati wawedzera chain extension kuti ibudise TPU;
Nzira yedanho rimwe chete inosanganisira kusanganisa uye kuita panguva imwe chete macromolecular diols, diisocyanates, uye chain extenders kuti zviumbe TPU.
Kugadzirisa mhinduro kunosanganisira kutanga nekunyungudutsa diisocyanate mu solvent, wozowedzera ma macromolecular diols kuti aite chimwe chinhu kwenguva yakati, uye pakupedzisira wowedzera chain extenders kuti igadzire TPU.
Rudzi rweTPU soft segment, molecular weight, hard or soft segment content, uye TPU aggregation state zvinogona kukanganisa density yeTPU, ne density inosvika 1.10-1.25, uye hapana musiyano wakakosha kana tichienzanisa nedzimwe rabha nemapurasitiki.
Pakuoma kwakafanana, huwandu hwepolyether mhando TPU hwakaderera pane hwepolyester mhando TPU.
3, Kugadziriswa kweTPU
Zvidimbu zveTPU zvinoda maitiro akasiyana-siyana kuti zvigadzire chigadzirwa chekupedzisira, kunyanya uchishandisa nzira dzekunyungudutsa uye mhinduro pakugadzirisa TPU.
Kunyungudutsa ibasa rinowanzoshandiswa muindasitiri yepurasitiki, sekusanganisa, kutenderedza, kubvisa, kuputira, uye kugadzira;
Kugadzirisa mhinduro inzira yekugadzira mhinduro nekunyungudutsa zvidimbu mu solvent kana kuzviisa polymer zvakananga mu solvent, wozovhara, wozotenderera, nezvimwewo.
Chigadzirwa chekupedzisira chakagadzirwa neTPU hachidi vulcanization crosslinking reaction, izvo zvinogona kupfupisa kutenderera kwekugadzirwa uye kudzokorodza marara.
4, Kushanda kweTPU
TPU ine modulus yakakwira, simba rayo guru, kureba kwayo kwakanyanya uye kusachinjika, inodzivirira kupfeka zvakanaka, inodzivirira mafuta, inodzivirira kupisa kwakaderera, uye inodzivirira kukwegura.
Simba guru rekudhonza, kureba kwakanyanya, uye mwero wekushomeka kwenguva refu wekugadzirisa zvachose zvese zvakanakira TPU.
XiaoU ichanyanya kutsanangura hunhu hweTPU kubva pazvinhu zvakaita sesimba rekudhonza nekureba, kusimba, kuomarara, nezvimwewo.
Simba guru rekudhonza uye kureba kwakanyanya
TPU ine simba rekudhonza nekureba kwakanaka. Kubva padata riri pamufananidzo uri pazasi, tinogona kuona kuti simba rekudhonza nekureba kweTPU yerudzi rwepolyether zviri nani kupfuura zvepurasitiki nerabha zvepolyvinyl chloride.
Pamusoro pezvo, TPU inogona kuzadzisa zvinodiwa neindasitiri yechikafu kana paine zvinhu zvishoma kana kuti pasina zvinowedzera panguva yekugadzirisa, izvo zvakaomawo kuti zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita sePVC nerabha zvibudirire.
Kutsungirira kunonyanya kukanganiswa nekupisa
Kusimba kweTPU kunoreva mwero wainokurumidza kupora kusvika payakatanga mushure mekunge kushushikana kwekushanduka kwapera, kunoratidzwa sesimba rekudzoreredza, rinova chiyero chebasa rekudzoreredza kuchinja kune basa rinodiwa kuti riburitse kuchinja. Ibasa rekuchinja kwesimba uye kukweshana kwemukati kwemuviri unonamira uye unonzwa zvakanyanya tembiricha.
Kudzoka kwemvura kunodzikira kana tembiricha yadzikira kusvika padzikira, uye kutenderera kwemvura kunowedzera nekukurumidza zvakare. Tembiricha iyi itembiricha yekristaro yechikamu chakapfava, iyo inotsanangurwa nechimiro che macromolecular diol. Polyether type TPU yakaderera pane polyester type TPU. Patembiricha dziri pasi petembiricha yekristaro, elastomer inova yakaoma zvikuru uye inorasikirwa nekutenderera kwayo. Nokudaro, kusimba kwesimba kwakafanana nekudzokera kubva pamusoro pesimbi yakaoma.
Hukuru hwekuoma kwayo ndiShore A60-D80
Kuoma kwechinhu chiratidzo chekugona kwacho kuramba kushanduka, kukwenya, uye kukwenya.
Kuomarara kweTPU kunowanzo kuyerwa uchishandisa Shore A neShore D hardness testers, neShore A inoshandiswa kune maTPU akapfava uye Shore D inoshandiswa kune maTPU akaomarara.
Kuomarara kweTPU kunogona kugadziriswa nekugadzirisa huwandu hwezvikamu zvecheni dzakapfava nedzakaoma. Nokudaro, TPU ine kuomarara kwakakura, kubva kuShore A60-D80, kunosanganisira kuomarara kwerabha nepurasitiki, uye ine kuomarara kwakanyanya muhukuru hwese hwekuomarara.
Sezvo kuomarara kuchichinja, zvimwe zvinhu zveTPU zvinogona kuchinja. Semuenzaniso, kuwedzera kuomarara kweTPU kuchaita kuti pave nekuchinja kwekushanda kwakadai sekuwedzera kwesimba rekudhonza uye kubvaruka, kuwedzera kuomarara uye kumanikidzwa (load capacity), kudzikira kwehurefu, kuwedzera kuwanda uye dynamic heat generation, uye kuwedzera kuramba kwezvakatipoteredza.
5, Kushandiswa kweTPU
Senzira yakanaka kwazvo ye elastomer, TPU ine nzira dzakasiyana siyana dzezvigadzirwa uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvinhu zvinodiwa zuva nezuva, zvinhu zvemitambo, matoyi, zvinhu zvekushongedza, nezvimwe zvinhu.
Zvishandiso zveshangu
TPU inonyanya kushandiswa pakugadzira shangu nekuda kwekupfava kwayo uye kuramba kwayo kupfeka. Zvigadzirwa zveshangu zvine TPU zvinosununguka kupfeka kupfuura zvigadzirwa zveshangu dzemazuva ese, saka zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muzvigadzirwa zveshangu dzemhando yepamusoro, kunyanya dzimwe shangu dzemitambo neshangu dzemazuva ese.
pombi
Nekuda kwekupfava kwayo, simba rayo rekudhonza, simba rekurovera, uye kuramba kupisa kwakanyanya nekwakaderera, mapombi eTPU anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muChina semapombi egasi nemafuta ekushandisa michina yakaita sendege, matangi, mota, midhudhudhu, uye maturusi emuchina.
waya
TPU inopa simba rekudzivirira kubvaruka, simba rekudzivirira kupera, uye hunhu hwekukotama, uye simba rekudzivirira kupisa kwakanyanya uye kwakaderera riri kiyi yekushanda kwetambo. Saka mumusika weChina, tambo dzepamusoro dzakadai setambo dzekudzora netambo dzemagetsi dzinoshandisa maTPU kuchengetedza zvinhu zvekufukidza zvemagadzirirwo akaomarara etambo, uye mashandisirwo adzo ari kuramba achipararira.
Zvishandiso zvekurapa
TPU chinhu chakachengeteka, chakasimba uye chemhando yepamusoro chinotsiva PVC, chisina Phthalate nezvimwe zvinhu zvinokuvadza zvemakemikari, uye chinotama chichienda muropa kana zvimwe zvinwiwa zviri mucatheter yekurapa kana mubhegi rekurapa zvichikonzera migumisiro yakaipa. Iyo zvakare TPU yakagadzirwa zvakanyanya uye injection grade.
firimu
Firimu reTPU ifirimu rakatetepa rakagadzirwa nezvinhu zveTPU granular kuburikidza nemaitiro akakosha akadai sekumonera, kukanda, kuputira, uye kuputira. Nekuda kwesimba rayo guru, kuramba kupfeka, kuchinjika kwakanaka, uye kuramba mamiriro ekunze, mafirimu eTPU anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri, zvinhu zveshangu, zvekushongedza zvipfeko, mota, makemikari, zvemagetsi, zvekurapa, nezvimwe.
Nguva yekutumira: Kukadzi-05-2020